A partir das formulações de Gramsci sobre ideologia, intelectuais e hegemonia, este trabalho realiza um debate teórico com intelectuais que defendem a inclusão social e a sociedade inclusiva. O texto aborda limitações da inclusão social e situa a difusão desse paradigma como um procedimento que reforça a hegemonia burguesa.On the basis of the concept of Gramsci about ideology, intellectuals and hegemony, this work make a theoretical debate about social inclusion and the inclusive society. The text explain limitations of the social (...) inclusion and explain that the diffusion of this paradigm is a procedure that strengthens hegemony of the block on the power. (shrink)

Este escrito presenta una discusión relativa a la posibilidad de que memorias individuales provenientes desde diversos contextos nacionales, esto es, separadas por distancias tanto físicas como políticas, y reunidas por una temática más o menos próxima como la vivencia del muy amplio fenómeno del vagabundaje (o la situación de calle, como tiende a denominársele hoy en día), puedan constituir o constituirse en memoria colectiva dadas sus características en común. Ejercicio crítico bibliográfico sobre el particular, en la práctica también lo es (...) respecto a las formas convencionales de escritura ensayística, al adoptar el más contemporáneo formato del correo electrónico; esto a propósito de la incidencia que la comunicación virtual y las tecnologías asociadas a la Internet han abierto a la memoria y la identidad, al actuar como su cotidiano difuminador/recreador. (shrink)

A la luz del relato de Carolina María de Jesús, una temprana cartonera de la favela de Canindé, en Sao Paulo, quien escribiendo su diario de vida en las mismas hojas que recogía en sus calles termina ofreciendo el más crudo y vívido relato de la vida en ellas, en este artículo se examina su testimonio y la escritura de él como una otra modalidad de práctica política, ello a partir del concepto de campos de acción social y política, y (...) su problematización a propósito del carácter colectivo de su contenido, el explícito interés de su autora de hacerlo público y la inadecuación, entre otros elementos, de las categorías con que se observa y distingue el fenómeno de la participación entre hombres y mujeres. (shrink)

En este texto se propone el estudio del fenómeno de la vida en la calle a partir de la intención de visualizar a las personas que lo protagonizan como agentes, esto es como sujetos que pueden actuar y tener conciencia de su acción, perspectiva casi totalmente ausente tanto en los estudios hasta ahora realizados como en nuestros cotidianos modos de relación con ellos. Para tales efectos, su diseño se propone un acercamiento en cuatro direcciones complementarias, a saber, la aproximación a (...) los significados dados por estos hombres y mujeres a sus experiencias de vida, el conocimiento de las prácticas e interacciones que establecen cotidianamente, su articulación en diálogo con otras retóricas de la marginación junto a las cuales co-construyen el fenómeno, y su puesta en relación con el contexto y otros procesos que lo engloban y junto a los cuales se desarrolla. (shrink)

Since it was inspired by Bernard and developed and named by Cannon, the conceptof homeostasis has been invoked by many as the central theoretical framework for physiology. Ithas also been the target of numerous criticisms that have elicited the introduction of a plethoraof alternative concepts. We argue that many of the criticisms actually target the more restrictiveaccount of homeostasis advanced by the cyberneticists. What was crucial to Bernard and Cannonwas a focus on the maintenance of the organism as the goal (...) of physiological regulation. We analysehow Bernard’s and Cannon’s broad conception of what was required to maintain the organismwas narrowed to negative feedback, characterized in terms of setpoints, by the cyberneticistsand demonstrate how many of the alternative concepts challenge the role of setpoints – treatingthem as variable in light of circumstances or in anticipation of future circumstances, or asdispensable altogether. To support our analysis, we draw on the experimental and theoreticalwork on thermoregulation, a phenomenon that has been considered as a paradigmatic example ofhomeostasis and has been a common focus of those advancing alternative concepts. To integratethe insights advanced by the original proponents of homeostasis and the theorists proposingreplacement notions we advance a framework in which regulation is viewed from the perspectiveof maintaining the organism. (shrink)

Since Cannon, inspired by Bernard’s discussion of the conditions required for free and independent life, introduced the term homeostasis, many have embraced it as the main theoretical principle guiding physiology and medicine. Nonetheless, critics have argued that homeostasis is too limiting and have advanced a variety of alternative concepts such as heterostasis, rheostasis, and allostasis. We argue that the critics target a much narrower understanding of homeostasis put forward by the cyberneticists and that Bernard and Cannon embraced a far broader (...) understanding that can accommodate the alternatives advanced by the critics and provide an integrated theoretical framework for physiology. (shrink)

In an application of the personality dynamics framework, we advance understanding on the relationship between baseline leader humility and team psychological safety by exploring the roles of humility variability and attractor strength. Specifically, we examine how the consistency of leader-expressed humility across team members operates as a boundary condition in the relationship between leader-expressed humility and team psychological safety. We also explore how the agreement between leader self-reported humility and leader-expressed humility operates as an attractor to predict such a consistency. (...) We test the hypothesized model through a sample of 85 teams, rated by 354 team members. The findings suggest that consistency reinforces, while inconsistency weakens, the effect of leader-expressed humility on team psychological safety. The findings also reveal that SOA relates to the consistency of leader-expressed humility, depending on the level at which the agreement occurs. We conclude that to better understand the outcomes of humble leadership, it is necessary to take into account not only the baseline of humility expressed by the leader, but also his/her humility variability and the strength of the attractor. (shrink)

Artificial intelligence is a current tool that is used in different areas of the human life with the purpose of facilitating and directing the processes in distinct sceneries of society. This research aimed to use AI as an educational resource in teaching and learning process in the area of biology for students at the Adventist School CEA Cambulos in the city of Cali. A qualitative research methodology was used, with data collection techniques such as observation and interviews, presenting an action (...) research approach. The main results were the potential of AI to enhance learning, the disposition of students to learn through it, and the need for training in the educational sector for its inclusive use and achieving responsible and effective results. That is how it is considered the challenge of reflecting the imminent arrival of AI in the student context and being prepared to be part of the transformation that can be generated in pedagogical processes. (shrink)

This essay aims to shed new light on the theoretical pertinence of classical Indian logic and epistemology in Benedetto Croce's criticism of Western Aristotelian and modern logic. As a matter of fact, Croce gave a positive and extraordinarily enterprising evaluation of “Indian Logic” in his review of Hermann Jacobi's Indische Logik (1905) and in his book Logic as the Science of the Pure Concept (1996 [1909]). Yet Croce's significant and considerable evaluation of “Indian Logic” has remained neglected until today. This (...) essay tries to clear the field of some prejudices that misled scholarly research on Croce and Indian philosophy, and it glosses in detail the “neglected” judgment on “Indian Logic” in Croce's Logic. In doing so, it critically discusses some epistemological questions starting from Croce's philosophy, such as the character of “natural induction,” the relationship between language and thought, and the connection between historical languages and logical forms. (shrink)

En este escrito realizaremos un aproximamiento al concepto de naturaleza, desde los primeros filósofos de la Physis hasta el Idealismo de Schelling. Para ello, seguiremos la interpretación que el pensador Merleau-Ponty realiza sobre este concepto a partir de las respuestas de Kant y Schelling al «argumento ontológico» de Descartes.

This article discusses the establishment of a governance framework for biomedical research in Singapore. It focuses on the work of the Bioethics Advisory Committee , which has been instrumental in institutionalizing a governance framework, through the provision of recommendations to the government, and through the coordination of efforts among government agencies. However, developing capabilities in biomedical sciences presents challenges that are qualitatively different from those of past technologies. The state has a greater role to play in balancing conflicting and potentially (...) irreconcilable economic, social, and political goals. This article analyzes the various ways by which the BAC has facilitated this. (shrink)

Fast food companies like Siam Burger that participate in health awareness campaigns create a conflict of interest between the social responsibility of promoting health and the business interest of increasing sales through marketing strategies like advertising. Alternative options of raising health awareness without mitigating the involvement of fast food companies either by denying advertisements or having a third party foundation should be explored.

Este trabalho examina as ideias filosóficas de contingência, correlacionismo e realidade, com foco nas críticas formuladas por Slavoj Žižek e Markus Gabriel ao projeto de Quentin Meillassoux. Žižek destaca uma crítica à absolutização da contingência em Meillassoux, argumentando que o filósofo não consegue verdadeiramente superar o correlacionismo kantiano. Žižek, ao contrário, defende a correlação transcendental como parte integrante da própria coisa em si, enfatizando a importância de entender a relação entre como as coisas são em si mesmas e como aparecem (...) para um sujeito. Por outro lado, Markus Gabriel contribui ao enfatizar os modos de apresentação na constituição da realidade. Ele aborda a ideia de que a diferença entre como as coisas são em si mesmas e como são apresentadas é constitutiva da realidade. Gabriel explora a diversidade de modos pelos quais a realidade se manifesta, destacando a complexidade da relação entre sujeito e objeto. O texto também aborda a crítica de Žižek ao projeto meillassouxiano de buscar o em si lá fora, defendendo que a contingência não é apenas um aspecto externo à subjetividade, mas também inerente ao próprio sujeito como um corte no circuito da causalidade natural. Ao longo do artigo, são evidenciadas as divergências e contribuições desses filósofos, proporcionando uma análise aprofundada das relações entre contingência, correlação e a natureza fundamental da realidade. A interseção dessas críticas fornece uma perspectiva de leitura sobre os desafios e implicações da abordagem de Meillassoux no cenário filosófico contemporâneo. (shrink)

O objetivo deste artigo reside em esclarecer a associação entre pluralismo e imanência na teoria política de William E. Connolly para, em seguida, trabalhar algumas implicações filosóficas sobre a sua concepção de democracia. Ao desenvolver uma contraposição entre o posicionamento do autor e os de Ralws, Habermas e Laclau, o artigo situa as contribuições e possíveis ressalvas de uma teoria política calcada na imanência acerca dos desafios presentes nas democracias contemporâneas pluralistas.

This paper intends to develop the idea of a political ontology implicitly developed within the political reflections that are an important part of the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari. In this research a political ontology means a specific reflection about the political construction of the social reality which also involves a questioning of the nature of the political. To what extent, in Deleuze and Guattari´s philosophy, ontology is related to a theoretical and practical engagement with politics? How relevant (...) is conceptual creation to the political practice? The main research´s hypothesis is that political ontology is intertwined with the kind of conceptual creation, which the authors conceive as philosophy´s specific task. Taking as our starting point previous discussions from Deleuze and Guattari´s scholars, this article develops a reading of their political philosophy through the relation between the political and conceptual construction. (shrink)

O trabalho investiga em que medida a intencionalidade do autor, oculta no texto, deve ser perscrutada pelo leitor ao interpretar, tendo em vista que, na ausência do autor durante o ato de leitura, a intenção do próprio texto se sobrepõe à do autor. Para tanto, recorreremos, principalmente, a passagens de duas obras de Paul Ricoeur, Do texto à ação e Tempo e narrativa.

Practical medical decisions are closely integrated with ethical and religious beliefs in the Philippines. This is shown in a survey of Filipino physicians' attitudes towards severely compromised neonates. This is also the reason why the ethical analysis of critical care practices must be situated within the context of local culture. Kagandahang loob and kusang loob are indigenous Filipino ethical concepts that provide a framework for the analysis of several critical care practices. The practice of taking-from-the-rich-to-give-to-the-poor in public hospitals is not (...) compatible with these concepts. The legislated definition of death and other aspects of the Philippine Law on Organ Transplants also fail to be compatible with these concepts. Many ethical issues that arise in a critical care setting have their roots outside the seemingly isolated clinical setting. Critical care need not apply only to individuals in a serious clinical condition. Vulnerable populations require critical attention because potent threats to their lives exist in the water that they drink and the air that they breathe. We cannot ignore these threa ts even as we move inevitably towards a technologically dependent, highly commercialized approach to health management. (shrink)

De acuerdo con estudios, los alumnos que durante el confinamiento causado por la pandemia contaron con la mediación de las TIC en su proceso de formación tuvieron mejores resultados en las pruebas estandarizadas. Esta investigación, de carácter documental, indagó el caso de Colombia y Panamá, hallando que el patrón efectivamente se repitió. Con el agravante que, en estos países, el porcentaje de estudiantes sin acceso a estos recursos superaban más del 50%. Por lo que se concluye, que los procesos de (...) aprendizaje se vieron seriamente afectados durante el COVID-19, con estragos, que podrían demorar una década en ser superados. (shrink)

This paper will develop a new reading of the institutional pattern. According to this interpretation, legal norms exist only inside of legal institutions - on the assumption that law consists of legal institutions and that legal norms should have meaning and normative force only inside of them. At this basic idea the thesis, which this paper proposes, tries to connect Robert Alexy’s concept of normative optimization of principles to the institutional theory: legal norms as optimization of principles, which shape a (...) legal institution. (shrink)

C. Lévi-Strauss advirtió que la variedad de mitos, lejos de constituir una proliferación anárquica de relatos, exhibe un aire de familia que trasparenta la profunda unidad del pensamiento humano. A partir de esta idea, el artículo muestra cómo ciertas teorías filosóficas y científicas sobre el origen del cosmos se apoyan en una estructura narrativa implícita en los mitos cosmogónicos. Esta comparación evidencia inesperadas afinidades en el intento por responder la pregunta por el origen del cosmos.

Resumo: O artigo trata da especificidade de um dos produtos tecnológicos de vigilância e de ataque aéreos mais importantes em uso atualmente, os drones, mostrando em que sentido essa nova tecnologia traça um marco decisivo na evolução do domínio dos ares e, portanto, como sugere Carl Schmitt, na transformação do campo teológico-político das sociedades contemporâneas. A imanência radical do campo político proposta pelo liberalismo, diagnosticada por Schmitt, terá nos drones um de seus instrumentos mais exemplares. Para caracterizar a especificidade dos (...) drones frente a outros aparelhos visuais e aéreos de guerra, será proposta uma aproximação com o conceito de imagem-tempo de Gilles Deleuze, de tal modo a determinar essa sua singularidade a partir das propriedades intrínsecas da imagem gerada. A principal característica da imagem-tempo deleuziana a ser integrada à análise dos drones será seu aspecto tátil. Nesse momento, a aproximação dos livros de Deleuze sobre o cinema com sua obra escrita com Félix Guattari será essencial para determinar a dimensão política da imagem-drone.: This paper deals with the specificity that characterizes one of the most important technological aerial products dedicated to surveillance and attack being in use nowadays, the drones, showing in which sense this new technology is a decisive turning point in the evolution of the domination of the skies and therefore, as suggested by Carl Schmitt, in the transformation of the political-theological field in contemporary societies. The radical immanence of the political field proposed by liberalism, such as Schmitt described it, finds in drones one of its most typical instruments. To characterize the specificity of drones regarding other visual and aerial war machines, it will be proposed an approximation with the Deleuzian concept of image-time, in order to determine its singularity through the intrinsic properties of the images so produced. The main characteristic of the Deleuzian time-image to be integrated in the analysis of drones will be its haptic aspect. At this point, the relation between Deleuze’s cinema books and his work in collaboration with Félix Guattari will be essential to characterize the political dimension of the drone-image. (shrink)

This paper investigates, in a simple risk-sharing framework, the extent to which the incompleteness of contracts could be attributed to the complexity costs associated with the writing and the implementation of contracts. We show that, given any measure of complexity in a very general class, it is possible to find simple contracting problems such that, when complexity costs are explicitly taken into account, the contracting parties optimally choose an incomplete contract which coincides with the ‘default’ division of surplus. Optimal contracts (...) with complexity costs are constrained efficient in our model. We therefore interpret our results as saying that, in the absence of a strategic role for complexity costs, their effect is entirely determined by their size relative to the size of payoffs. (shrink)

The present study aimed to translate and identify the psychometric properties of the Behavioral Emotion Regulation Questionnaire in 315 university students from Lima, Peru, aged 16 to 44 years. The BERQ and the Multicultural Inventory of Trait State Depression were administered for the assessment. Evidence of internal structure validity was obtained through confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling, while evidence of validity in relation to other variables was obtained through linear regression analysis. The results indicate that the pentafactorial (...) structure is replicated in the Peruvian sample; that adaptive strategies significantly predict eutres, and that maladaptive strategies predict distress; in addition, reliability values were acceptable. At the end, theoretical and practical aspects of the findings and the importance of continuing to provide evidence for its use in different populations and contexts are discussed, taking into account that this is the first time that a Spanish version of the BERQ has been analyzed. (shrink)

Por uma política de leitura aberta de mundos: o buraco negro e o fim do mundo como possibilidade de nascimentos crianceiros Resumo: Este artigo é resultado de conversas afiadas e tecidas nos inconformismos e rebeldias desde as margens dos buracos negros de vidas em dissidências. O texto busca tensionar os buracos fechados pela polícia do sistema sexo-gênero na manutenção de seus privilégios e que não nos permite, via políticas públicas, acessar histórias em gêneros e sexualidades diferentes das tradicionais narrativas feitas (...) para meninos e meninas de um certo tipo. Há subjetividades circulando entre nós nos espaços educativos que convocam os corpos, os gêneros e as sexualidades ao direito de nascerem, crescerem, florescerem e coabitarem o mundo, as escolas, as memórias e as narrativas hegemônicas das políticas curriculares na literatura infanto-juvenil. Exercitando perguntas que não se conformam com as histórias contadas, apresentadas e curricularizadas diariamente, o artigo faz problema sobre os modos de ler heterocêntricos que privilegiam o cérebro. Propõe, então, leituras buraco-negro. Estas apostas políticas, feitas de políticas anais e suas revoluções, buscam despreguear as relações de poder e as literaturas. Palavras-chave: Leitura como atividade. Gênero e sexualidade. Buracos negros. For an open world reading policy: the black hole and the end of the world as a possibility for births of childhoods: This article is the result of sharp conversations woven into nonconformities and rebellion from the margins of black holes in dissenting lives. The text seeks to tension the holes closed by the sex-gender police in maintaining their privileges and that does not allow us, through public policy, to access stories in genres and sexualities different from traditional narratives made for boys and girls of a certain type. There are subjectivities circulating among us in the educational spaces that call the bodies, genders and sexualities to the right to be born, grow, flourish and cohabit the hegemonic world, schools, memories and narratives of curriculum policies in children's literature. Exercising questions that do not conform to the stories told, presented and curricularized daily, the article questions the heterocentric ways of reading that privilege the brain. It then proposes black hole readings. These political bets, made up of anal politics and their revolutions, seek to unravel power relations and literatures. Keywords: Reading as an activity. Gender and sexuality. Black holes. Por una política de lectura de mundo abierto: el agujero negro y el fin del mundo como posibilidad para el nascimiento de las infâncias Resumen: Este artículo es el resultado de conversaciones agudas entretejidas en no conformidades y rebeliones desde los márgenes de los agujeros negros en vidas disidentes. El texto busca tensar los agujeros cerrados por la policía de género y sexo para mantener sus privilegios y eso no nos permite, a través de políticas públicas, acceder a historias de géneros y sexualidades diferentes a las narrativas tradicionales hechas para niños y niñas de cierto tipo. Hay subjetividades que circulan entre nosotros en los espacios educativos que llaman a los cuerpos, los géneros y las sexualidades al derecho a nacer, crecer, florecer y convivir con el mundo hegemónico, las escuelas, los recuerdos y las narrativas de las políticas curriculares en la literatura infantil. Ejercitando preguntas que no se ajustan a las historias contadas, presentadas y curriculadas diariamente, el artículo cuestiona las formas heterocéntricas de lectura que privilegian el cerebro. Luego propone lecturas de agujeros negros. Estas apuestas políticas, formadas por políticas anales y sus revoluciones, buscan desentrañar las relaciones de poder y la literatura. Palavras clave: Lectura como actividad. Género y sexualidad. Agujeros negros. Data de registro: 11/12/2019 Data de aceite: 26/08/2020. (shrink)

“Dos se quedan allí: la miserable y la misericordia” es una de las frases más conocidas de las obras de san Agustín y que más se emplean en homilías para hablar de la misericordia. En este texto nos proponemos analizar el concepto de misericordia en san Agustín siguiendo su comentario al evangelio de san Juan sobre el encuentro entre la adúltera y el Señor. Para sistematizar el pensamiento agustiniano, repasaremos el triple juicio en este pasaje bíblico: el juicio de los (...) fariseos, el juicio de Jesucristo y el juicio de la propia rea. (shrink)

Las personas somos absolutamente diferentes de las cosas, no cabe ninguna duda al respecto. No obstante, sí debemos diferenciar nítidamente entre los individuos y el concepto de “persona”. Así pues, la persona posee un “horizonte interior”, absolutamente novedoso y que le caracteriza como ser en aproximación a la Verdad y a la Libertad, las cuales no sólo son específicas del propio humano, sino que le son necesarias en cuanto remedios contra la desolación y la tiranía. Asimismo, una sociedad puede ser (...) tiránica en varios sentidos, pero Manuel Mindán sostiene que, para que no lo sea, el individuo entendido como “persona” debe primar siempre sobre el grupo gregario y cerrado. (shrink)

Libro reseñado: Sobre las causas de la pobreza y el déficit en la realización de derechos. Notas en torno a Justicia global, derechos humanos y responsabilidad. Francisco Cortés Rodas y Miguel Giusti, (Eds.).